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Disease Profile

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara type

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Neonatal

ICD-10

Q81.0

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

EBS-DM; Dowling-Meara type epidermolysis bullosa simplex; Epidermolysis bullosa herpetiformis, Dowling-Meara type;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Skin Diseases

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 79396

Definition
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara type (EBS-DM) is a basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS, see this term) characterized by the presence of generalized vesicles and small blisters in grouped or arcuate configuration.

Epidemiology
Worldwide prevalence is unknown but reported prevalence in Scotland is 1/1,700,000.

Clinical description
Onset is usually at birth with large, frequently hemorrhagic blisters. After the neonatal period, the lesions take the typical herpetiform (or herpes-like) clustering with central healing pattern. Blister formation gradually reduces starting from late childhood. By childhood, most patients begin to develop confluent thickening and hyperkeratosis (keratoderma) of the palms and soles which may partially resolve in some patients during midto late-adulthood. Along with blisters, skin findings commonly include mild atrophic scarring and post-inflammatory pigmentation, nail shedding and nail dystrophy, as well as occasional milia formation. Lesions may improve in some patients in case of fever, unlike other forms of EB in which warmer weather exacerbates disease activity. The reason for this is unknown. Extracutaneous complications can occur including oral cavity blistering, constipation and, rarely, tracheolaryngeal compromise.

Etiology
EBS-DM is caused by dominant negative mutations within either the KRT5 (12q13.13) or KRT14 (17q12-q21) genes, encoding keratin 5 and keratin 14, respectively.

Genetic counseling
Transmission is autosomal dominant and sporadic cases are frequent.

Prognosis
EBS-DM is frequently associated with marked morbidity in infancy and early childhood and, in rare cases, may result in death during early infancy. Patients also have a markedly increased risk of basal cell carcinoma by mid-adulthood (cumulative risk of 44% by age 55).

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Nail dystrophy
Poor nail formation
0008404
Skin vesicle
0200037
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Atrophic scars
Sunken or indented skin due to damage
0001075
Milia
Milk spot
0001056
Palmoplantar keratoderma
Thickening of palms and soles
0000982
Recurrent skin infections
Skin infections, recurrent
0001581
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Constipation
0002019
Failure to thrive
Faltering weight
Weight faltering

[ more ]

0001508
Feeding difficulties
Feeding problems
Poor feeding

[ more ]

0011968
Hyperpigmentation of the skin
Patchy darkened skin
0000953
Hypopigmentation of the skin
Patchy lightened skin
0001010
Oral mucosal blisters
Blisters of mouth
0200097
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
0006739
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormal blistering of the skin
Blistering, generalized
Blisters

[ more ]

0008066
Autosomal dominant inheritance
0000006
Growth delay
Delayed growth
Growth deficiency
Growth failure
Growth retardation
Poor growth
Retarded growth

[ more ]

0001510
Nail dysplasia
Atypical nail growth
0002164
Neonatal onset
0003623
Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis
Thickening of the outer layer of the skin of the palms and soles
0000972

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

    Organizations

    Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

    Organizations Supporting this Disease

      Social Networking Websites

      • RareConnect is an online social network for patients and families to connect with one another and share their experience living with a rare disease. The project is a joint collaboration between EURORDIS (European Rare Disease Organisation) and NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Click on the link above to view the community for Epidermolysis bullosa.

        Learn more

        These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

        In-Depth Information

        • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
        • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
        • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
        • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara type. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.